5月29日下午,奥斯陆大学挪威人权研究中心Gentian Zyberi教授在太阳集团欢迎您青岛校区振声苑E206作了一场题为“The Contribution of the International Court of Justice to developing and interpreting international human rights law”(国际法院对国际人权发展和解释的贡献)的学术讲座。
本次讲座由suncitygroup太阳集团经理沈伟教授主持,黄世席教授、黄士元副教授参加了本次讲座。
沈伟经理首先代表suncitygroup太阳集团向远道而来的Zyberi教授表示热烈欢迎,对Zyberi教授在紧张而短暂的青岛一日行到suncitygroup太阳集团举办这次讲座感到十分荣幸。
讲座分四个部分进行,Zyberi教授分别从“国际法院简介”、“长久以来国际法院的可能性和局限性”、“国际法院对国际人权法的贡献”、“建议和评论”四个方面阐述国际法院在国际人权领域的作用和贡献。
Zyberi教授首先从国际法院的双重作用、国际法院法官组成以及其适用的法律渊源等方面介绍了国际法院的基本情况。在谈到“国际法院的可能性和局限性”时,Zyberi教授详细说明了“只有国家才能作为主体”、“起诉的事实必须与人权相关”、“其他实现国际人权法的国际法律”以及“人权法缺乏保留性条款”等方面的内容。
由于国际法院的案例法传统,Zyberi教授列举了大量的案件来说明国际法院在国际人权领域上的重要作用和贡献。其中1949年的科孚海峡案(Corfu Channel case)和1970年的巴塞罗那牵引公司案(Barcelona Traction case)奠定了国际人权法的基础;通过1950年到1971年非洲西南部的许多相关案件确定了人民拥有自决权(the right of people to self-determination);通过《种族灭绝公约》防止种族大屠杀;通过1950年的庇护案和1951年的哈耶德拉托雷案确立了人有获得庇护的权利;由1955年诺特博姆案(Nottebohm Case)、1979年美国驻德黑兰外交领事人员事件以及1998年至2012年间艾哈迈杜萨迪奥迪亚洛案(Ahmadou Sadio Diallo Case)确立了外交保护原则。
除此之外,Zyberi教授还介绍了其他规则和原则,譬如国际人权在武装冲突或被占领领土上如何适用、国际犯罪中的个人刑事责任等。最后,Zyberi教授提到通过保持国际法的结构,国际法院能确保国际法不同分支之间更好的配合。国际法院通过其判例法,能够将国际法与促进和尊重个人人权、人的生命权和人的尊严权等要求结合起来,以便在国际法框架内实现人权的最佳保护,并成为国际人权保护的最后一道防线。
讲座尾声,同学们就国际法院和人权问题进行了提问,Zyberi教授予以亲切解答。
最后,沈伟经理再次代表suncitygroup太阳集团向Zyberi教授的到来表示感谢,并赠送礼品合影留念。
(文/吕启民 图/姜佳晨)
Gentian Zyberi教授简介
Gentian Zyberi holds a bachelor’s degree (LL.B) from Tirana University, Albania, and a Master’s degree (LL.M) and a PhD degree in International Law from Utrecht University, the Netherlands. Currently he is a Professor of International Law and Human Rights at the Norwegian Center for Human Rights of the University of Oslo, Norway. Previously he has worked at the Amsterdam Center for International Law of the University of Amsterdam and the Netherlands Institute of Human Rights of Utrecht University.
During the last fifteen years, he has done research, published and taught in the areas of international human rights, international humanitarian law, international criminal law and public international law at universities in the Netherlands, Norway, US, China, and Albania. His current research focuses on the contribution of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and other international courts and tribunals to interpreting and developing rules and principles of international human rights and humanitarian law, the protection of community interests under international law, the responsibility to protect doctrine, and transitional justice.
His international law practice includes working as defence lawyer in two cases tried before the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). Professor Zyberi has also served as legal adviser and coordinator of the Albanian legal team in a case before the International Court of Justice. He has provided legal advice on international law matters to States and an international non-governmental organization.